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Otsukaresama Desu (お疲れ様です): What It Really Means in Japanese Work Culture

Otsukaresama desu (お疲れ様です) is one of the most common phrases in Japanese work culture.
It doesn’t directly translate to English, but it’s used to show appreciation, acknowledge effort,
and maintain harmony in daily interactions. Here's what it really means.

It’s one of the first phrases you learn when you work in Japan.
“Otsukaresama desu.” (お疲れ様です)

You say it when you see a coworker.
When someone finishes a task.
When you're leaving the office.
Sometimes even when you're arriving.

And at first, I couldn’t figure it out.


What does it actually mean?

The literal parts are:

So… “You’re tired, honorable person”?
Not quite.

It’s more like:


Why it felt strange at first

In English, we don’t really say anything when someone just… shows up.
Or leaves the office. Or walks past us at work.

So at first, it felt forced.
Too formal. Too frequent.

But over time, it started to feel like a glue.
A little nod to say, “We’re all doing our best.”


How I use it now

Now I say otsukaresama desu without thinking.
Not because I have to — but because it’s useful.

It marks the rhythm of work.
It gives people a moment of recognition.
And it softens the space between tasks, between people, between days.


Not sure where to start?


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